Grammar Connection
where grammar terms are defined

kinds of sentences:
- imperative - gives a command (.)
- interogative - asks a question (?)
- exclamatory - makes an exclamation (!)
- declarative - makes a statement (.)
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Kernal Sentence:
- simple sentence - A dog ran.
- If you have more to the sentence, it is a called a motifier:
A brown shaggy dog ran quickly up the street to the little boy.
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Compound Sentences:
- These are two independent sentenes that can be combined using a conjunction (coordinator) - and, but., yet, for, so, or
- and: establishes a relationship of equality between clauses
- but and yet: establish a relationship of contrast between ideas
- for and so: establish a cause and effect relationship between ideas
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Subject/Predicate of a sentence:
- Subject - tells who or what the sentence is about
simple subject - main noun
- Predicate - tells what the subject is doing
simple predicate - main verb
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Nouns:
- person, place, thing, or feeling
Predicate noun completer:
- this is a noun in the predicate and is the last word in the sentence
ex: Our parish is a friendly community. (noun completer)
Pronouns:
- stands in the place of a noun
                      ex: I, we, you, he, she, it, they, me, us, him, her, them
Noun Signals (better known as articles):
- These are important words that help to signal nouns when we read
ex: the, a, an, this, that, these, those, many, several, some, their, my, our, his, her
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          Adjectives:
- describes nouns in the sentence
-answer the question which? or what kind?
- can be one word or groups of words
(signal + adjective + noun)
 Predicate Adjective Completer:
- these adjectives complete the predicate, but describe the subject
ex: That new sweater is pretty. (describes the subject: sweater)

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Verbs:
- Action - you can do it, you should also be able to put the word "to" in front of the word and still have it make sense. (to run)
- Being -sometimes acts as the main verb of the sentence, and other times as a linking/helping, or signal for a verb.
ex: is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been, do, does, did, have, has had

Verb Tenses:
- verb tense are built from four parts: past, present, past participle, present participle
present: cook
past: cooked
past participle: cooked
present participle: cooking

- verb tenses convey a sense of time:
past (-ed), present, future (shall or will before the verb)
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Adverbs:
- describe the verb by explaining when, where, why or how an action occurs
- adds additional images to a sentence by clarifying or adding meaning to the sentence
- can be single words or groups of words (found in prepositional phrases)

 - ex: Molly will arrive soon.
________________________________________________________________   Direct Object:
- is a noun in the predicate of the sentence that refers to the simple subject. Ask whom or what after the verb. (It is part of the kernal sentence.)
The committee honored its members with awards
noun: committee  verb: honored    direct object: members
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Prepositional Phrase:
- is a word group containing a preoposition and a noun or noun phrase
- prepositional phrases can be in the subject or predicate of the sentence
Prepostion + noun: in trouble
or
Preposition + noun phrase: near the fense

list of common prepostions:
about, before, except, of, above, behind, off,
across, beside, for, on, after, between, from, over,
against, by, among, in, through, around, down, into, to
at, during, toward, near, under, up, with
**REMEMBER: think about the mouse and the house**
The mouse can be above the house: (above  is a preposition)

Adjectival (prepositional phrase)
- the girl with the red hair is my sister
with = preposition
with the red hair = preposition phrase
&
answers which girl (adjectival)

Adverbial (prepostional phrase)
Pioneers travled over the mountains and across the plains.
 over = preposition  
over the mountains and across the plains = prepositional phrase
&
answers where they traveled (adverbial)